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Lessons Learned from Conditions That Enhance Implementation of the Guidelines

• Our analysis indicates that the Infrastructure Resilience Guidelines reinforced the approach to resilience principles that many agencies had been pursuing in recent years.
• Organizations already familiar with or embracing resilience principles found it easier to implement the guidelines than did those that were encountering these principles for the first time.
• Building community resilience via a "holistic systems approach" (i.e., one that underscores the dynamic links among human, social, physical, economic, and natural resources) was a new concept for some agencies and their grantees.
• Implementation of the guidelines was enhanced by an existing community vision for resilience.

Lessons Learned from Challenges Posed by the Guidelines

• The guidelines need to be worded broadly to achieve interagency consensus and be applicable across different agency responsibilities and contexts, but also worded in a way that provides enough detail on the methods and outcomes that would be compatible with resilience principles.
• Resilience meanings and metrics need to be clarified and aligned to improve communication and understanding across agencies and contexts.
• Appropriate and sufficient resources and expertise are needed to implement the guidelines.
• Reduced complexity and redundancy across resilience initiatives is desired by both agencies and grantees.
• Additional research is needed to clarify specific standards most likely to improve resilience.