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Mexico Is Not Colombia, Nor Is It Especially Analogous to Other Historical Cases

• Mexico faces challenges ranging from violence to a high level of weapon availability and corruption. The selected case studies were characterized by varying degrees of similar challenges.
• Mexico is not particularly analogous to Colombia, even though Colombia is the most frequently invoked comparison case. Furthermore, none of the other historical cases was much more analogous.
• Despite their significant differences, all the cases, including Colombia, share some important contextual commonalities and challenges with Mexico and thus provide useful lessons.
• Corruption and poor economic conditions were factors with a significant impact on the historical cases, and this holds true for Mexico as well.

Several Specific Types of Efforts Were Correlated with Improvement in the Historical Cases and Could Provide Lessons for Mexico

• Challenges faced and outcomes achieved in the historical cases fell into two primary categories: those related to violence and those related to governance and corruption.
• The case outcomes most likely to hold lessons for Mexico specifically involved problems related to ungoverned spaces, poor governance, problematic economic opportunity structures, organized crime, corruption, and indiscriminate violence.
• Efforts that addressed multiple challenges were the most highly correlated with improvement in the historical cases, as were strategies employing multiple efforts simultaneously.