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OSCAR Increases the Use of Support for Stress Problems, but There Was No Evidence of an Impact on Marines' Mental Health Status or Any Other Outcomes

• The effects of OSCAR on support-seeking behavior persisted after adjustment for baseline characteristics and deployment experiences.
• This evaluation did not find evidence that OSCAR had an impact on mental health stigma or mental health outcomes.

OSCAR Is Perceived as a Useful Tool for Combat and Operational Stress Control

• Battalion commanders valued OSCAR because it aligns well with their understanding of their roles as leaders.
• Officers and enlisted Marines voiced support for the principles that underlie OSCAR — in particular, the emphasis on peer support and avoidance of medical intervention through early identification and management of stress and mental health problems.

Potential Problems Were Identified

• Many Marines complained of having received too much training on combat and operational stress.
• Some Marines suggested that annual trainings, regardless of deployment, would help to keep Marines in a state of readiness for future combat deployments.
• Significant variation in outcomes across OSCAR-trained battalions might indicate that OSCAR was not implemented consistently across the battalions.