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Preintervention Sorting Patterns Generally Favored Low-Income Minority (LIM) Students

• Preintervention sorting patterns generally favored LIM students in most sites, subjects, and years, and those patterns have persisted in some cases during the intervention years. This was largely true before the intervention and has remained fairly consistent since the intervention began.

Sorting Between Schools Has Generally Been More Favorable to LIM Students Than Sorting Within Schools Has Been

• The sites are more successful at placing the most-effective teachers in schools with a high percentage of LIM students than they are in placing the most-effective teachers within each school in high-LIM classrooms.
• The authors found no consistent pattern of greater negative sorting within schools during middle school. In some years, within-school sorting is greater in middle school grades; in some years, it is greater in elementary school grades.

LIM Students Enjoyed Slightly Better-Than-Average Access to High-Performing Teachers Before the Intensive Partnerships Intervention Commenced

• This favorable pattern has largely persisted and increased slightly overall, although all sites are not taking the same steps toward improving access.