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High-Risk Operations Illustrate Best Practices and Lessons Learned Even for Organizations with Low Risk Tolerance

• Resilient organizations must prepare for the full spectrum of impact, not just the most likely impact, within practical and financial constraints.
• These organizations establish shared mission awareness by optimizing access to information, emphasizing overall mission objectives, and supporting error reporting and identification of potential problems.
• These organizations build system-specific training programs led by experts.
• These organizations establish a clear hierarchy for decisionmaking, but balance this with appropriate flexibility allotted to personnel.

Adaptability and Flexibility Should Be Measured and Evaluated as an Important Metric for Resilience

• Threats can be addressed by building a systematic approach that addresses specific threats in a way that increases general resilience.
• Increased visibility into a system allows enhancements to efficiency and can show how to mitigate vulnerability.
• Flexibility of personnel and operations can be facilitated using standardized processes, disaggregation, and decision postponement.
• Support of a comprehensive understanding of all operations helps to build a dynamic culture that can increase organizational flexibility and responsiveness. Dynamic cultures are sometimes built by fostering continuous communication, distributing decisionmaking power, creating passion for work, and training for disruption.

Following a Disaster, Both Prior Experience and Trained Personnel Can Help to Minimize Recovery Time

• Evacuation procedures in response to a threat event, or full-scale exercises conducted prior to threat impact can reveal more efficient methods and time-saving measures that can be incorporated into a periodically edited emergency response plan.
• Incorporating lessons learned from response-planning exercises, false alarms, or earlier emergencies can significantly increase the efficiency and efficacy of future response efforts.
• During disaster response, time is critical, and the speed with which the source of the failure can be identified and addressed is a primary metric for resilience.
• Having experienced personnel on call, supporting shared mission awareness among all personnel, and establishing coordinated reporting procedures can minimize response times during an emergency.