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No standard definition of safety exists in regard to AVs

• This report defines safety as the elimination, minimization, or management of harm to the public (with an emphasis on people, although it can include animals and property).
• The public and the policymaking community have an important interest in comparing AV safety with the safety of conventional vehicles, but there are limitations on the breadth and depth of comparable data collected for each type of vehicle.

This report presents a framework to discuss how safety can be measured in a technology- and company-neutral way

• The framework shows measurement possible in different settings (simulation, closed courses, and public roads with and without a safety driver) at different stages (development, demonstration, and deployment).
• The methods of measuring safety must be valid, feasible, reliable, and non-manipulatable. They can be leading (i.e., proxy measures of driving behaviors correlated to safety outcomes) or lagging (i.e., actual safety outcomes involving harm).
• Clearer communication about safety between the industry and the public will be critical for public acceptance of AVs. The more consistent the communication about AV safety from industry, the more cohesive and comprehensible the message will be.