| 来源类型 | Monograph (IIASA Interim Report) |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| Why Five Fingers? Evolutionary Constraints on Digit Numbers. | |
| Galis F; Alphen JJM van; Metz JAJ | |
| 发表日期 | 2002 |
| 出版者 | IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-02-030 |
| 出版年 | 2002 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Evolutionary changes in the number of digits and other limb elements appear to be severely constrained, probably as a result of a low level of modularity during limb development. Reduced limb structures typically develop through a process of construction followed by destruction and amniotes have evolved many digit-like structures rather than actual extra digits. In amniotes, limb development occurs during the crucial phylotypic stage, when many inductive interactions are occurring throughout the body. As a result, changes in limb development usually engender changes in other body parts. Thus, mutations that change the number of limb bones are expected to have many pleiotropic effects, which severely reduces the chance of such mutations being successful. In amphibians with aquatic larvae, limb development occurs after the phylotypic stage and limb development is decoupled from the interactivity of the phylotypic stage. The constraint of pleiotropic effects is, therefore, expected to be weaker. This expectation agrees with the larger variability in the number of hand and foot structures in amphibians, with frogs even occasionally possessing six toes. These facts once again emphasize the importance of pleiotropic effects as constraints to evolutionary change, including their role in the conservation of body plans. |
| 主题 | Adaptive Dynamics Network (ADN) |
| 关键词 | Modularity Pleiotropy Evolutionary constraint Limb development Phylotypic stage Digit Body plan Evolution Pleiotropy Evolution Ecology Physiology Development Genetics Anatomy |
| URL | http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/6755/ |
| 来源智库 | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria) |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/125175 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Galis F,Alphen JJM van,Metz JAJ. Why Five Fingers? Evolutionary Constraints on Digit Numbers.. 2002. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| IR-02-030.pdf（268KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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