| 来源类型 | Article
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| 规范类型 | 其他
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| DOI | 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.04.021
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| Network mutualism: Positive community-level relations in ecosystems. |
| Fath BD
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| 发表日期 | 2007
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| 出处 | Ecological Modelling 208 (1): 56-67
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| 出版年 | 2007
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| 语种 | 英语
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| 摘要 | Empirically observable energy and matter transfers in ecosystems create network structures commonly called food webs. The relation or interaction type associated with each link between pair-wise objects can be classified as (+, -) or (-, +) depending on the net gain or loss experienced by each object. If objects are not adjacent in the food web, then their observed direct interaction is neutralism (0, 0). From this perspective, a zero-sum balance exists between the number of positive and negative relations in the ecosystem. However, community-level relations arise from observable direct and unobservable indirect pathways within a food web, giving rise to indirectly mediated relations, mutualism (+, +) and competition (-, -). Determination of community-level relations requires a systemic or holistic approach. "Utility" measures from "environ analysis" in the broader frame of ecological network analysis (ENA) provide such a methodology to investigate the relations resulting from all observed and indirect transfers. This research demonstrates the methodology and shows three important results from the analysis. First, all objects in ecological networks are related either through their input and output environs, and therefore all objects interact with and influence the others in the web: there are no null community-level relations. Second, the community-level relations can and do differ from direct relations: what you see is not always what you get. Third, due to the web of trophic and non-trophic interactions, community-level relations usually have a greater occurrence of mutualism than competition making them more positive than the direct relations that produced them: this is the property called network mutualism. |
| 主题 | Dynamic Systems (DYN)
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| 关键词 | Community interactions
Competition
Food webs
Ecological network analysis
Mutualism
Synergism
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| URL | http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/8123/
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| 来源智库 | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
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| 引用统计 |
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| 资源类型 | 智库出版物
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| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/128648
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推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714 |
Fath BD. Network mutualism: Positive community-level relations in ecosystems.. 2007.
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