| 来源类型 | Article |
| 规范类型 | 其他 |
| DOI | 10.5194/acp-9-2355-2009 |
| Dispersion of traffic-related exhaust particles near the Berlin urban motorway - Estimation of fleet emission factors. | |
| Birmili W; Alaviippola B; Hinneburg D; Knoth O; Tuch T; Borken-Kleefeld J; Schacht A | |
| 发表日期 | 2009 |
| 出处 | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9 (7): 2355-2374 |
| 出版年 | 2009 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Atmospheric particle number size distributions of airborne particles (diameter range 10-500 nm) were collected over ten weeks at three sites in the vicinity of the A100 urban motorway in Berlin, Germany. The A100 carries about 180000 vehicles on a weekday. The roadside particle distributions showed a number maximum between 20nm and 60nm clearly related to the motorway emissions. The average total number concentration at roadside was 28000 per cubic cm with a total range of 1200-168000 per cubic cm. At distances of 80 and 400 m from the motorway the concentrations decreased to mean levels of 11000 and 9000 per cubic cm, respectively. An obstacle-resolving dispersion model was applied to simulate the 3-D flow field and traffic tracer transport in the urban environment around the motorway. By inverse modelling, vehicle emission factors were derived that are representative of a fleet with a relative share of 6% lorry-like vehicles, and driving at a speed of 80 km/h. Three different calculation approaches were compared, which differ in the choice of the experimental winds driving the flow simulation. The average emission factor per vehicle was 2.1 (plus/minus 0.2) x 10^(14) per km for particle number and 0.077 (plus/minus 0.01) x 10^(14) cubic cm per km for particle volume. Regression analysis suggested that lorry-like vehicles emit 123 (plus/minus 28) times more particle number than passenger car-like vehicles, and lorry-like vehicles account for about 91% of particulate number emissions on weekdays. Our work highlights the increasing applicability of 3-D flow models in urban microscale environments and their usefulness for determining traffic emission factors. |
| 主题 | Atmospheric Pollution (APD) |
| URL | http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/8789/ |
| 来源智库 | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/128899 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Birmili W,Alaviippola B,Hinneburg D,et al. Dispersion of traffic-related exhaust particles near the Berlin urban motorway - Estimation of fleet emission factors.. 2009. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| acp-9-2355-2009.pdf（5730KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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