| 来源类型 | Article |
| 规范类型 | 其他 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.08.003 |
| Atmospheric composition change: Climate-chemistry interactions. | |
| Isaksen ISA; Granier C; Myhre G; Berntsen TK; Dalsoren SB; Gauss M; Klimont Z | |
| 发表日期 | 2009 |
| 出处 | Atmospheric Environment 43 (33): 5138-5192 |
| 出版年 | 2009 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Chemically active climate compounds are either primary compounds like methane (CH4), removed by oxidation in the atmosphere, or secondary compounds like ozone (O3), sulfate and organic aerosols, both formed and removed in the atmosphere. Man-induced climate-chemistry interaction is a two-way process: Emissions of pollutants change the atmospheric composition contributing to climate change through the aforementioned climate components, and climate change, through changes in temperature, dynamics, the hydrological cycle, atmospheric stability, and biosphere-atmosphere interactions, affects the atmospheric composition and oxidation processes in the troposphere. Here we present progress in our understanding of processes of importance for climate-chemistry interactions, and their contributions to changes in atmospheric composition and climate forcing. A key factor is the oxidation potential involving compounds like O3 and the hydroxyl radical (OH). Reported studies represent both current and future changes. Reported results include new estimates of radiative forcing based on extensive model studies of chemically active climate compounds like O3, and of particles inducing both direct and indirect effects. Through EU projects like ACCENT, QUANTIFY, and the AeroCom project, extensive studies on regional and sector-wise differences in the impact on atmospheric distribution are performed. Studies have shown that land-based emissions have a different effect on climate than ship and aircraft emissions, and different measures are needed to reduce the climate impact. Several areas where climate change can affect the tropospheric oxidation process and the chemical composition are identified. This can take place through enhanced stratospheric-tropospheric exchange of ozone, more frequent periods with stable conditions favoring pollution build up over industrial areas, enhanced temperature induced biogenic emissions, methane releases from permafrost thawing, and enhanced concentration through reduced biospheric uptake. During the last 5-10 years, new observational data have been made available and used for model validation and the study of atmospheric processes. Although there are significant uncertainties in the modeling of composition changes, access to new observational data has improved modeling capability. Emission scenarios for the coming decades have a large uncertainty range, in particular with respect to regional trends, leading to a significant uncertainty range in estimated regional composition changes and climate impact. |
| 主题 | Atmospheric Pollution (APD) |
| 关键词 | Atmosphere climate chemistry Feedbacks modeling |
| URL | http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/8816/ |
| 来源智库 | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/128957 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Isaksen ISA,Granier C,Myhre G,et al. Atmospheric composition change: Climate-chemistry interactions.. 2009. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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