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来源类型Article
规范类型其他
DOI10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.013
Ultrafine particles in cities.
Kumar P; Morawska L; Birmili W; Paasonen P; Hu M; Kulmala M; Harrison RM; Norford L
发表日期2014
出处Environment International : 1-10
出版年2014
语种英语
摘要Ultrafine particles (UFPs; diameter less than 100 nm) are ubiquitous in urban air, and an acknowledged risk to human health. Globally, the major source for urban outdoor UFP concentrations is motor traffic. Ongoing trends towards urbanisation and expansion of road traffic are anticipated to further increase population exposure to UFPs. Numerous experimental studies have characterised UFPs in individual cities, but an integrated evaluation of emissions and population exposure is still lacking. Our analysis suggests that the average exposure to outdoor UFPs in Asian cities is about four-times larger than that in European cities but impacts on human health are largely unknown. This article reviews some fundamental drivers of UFP emissions and dispersion, and highlights unresolved challenges, as well as recommendations to ensure sustainable urban development whilst minimising any possible adverse health impacts.
主题Mitigation of Air Pollution (MAG) ; Air Quality & ; Greenhouse Gases (AIR)
关键词City environment Particle exposure Health impacts Particle number concentration Ultrafine particles
URLhttp://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/10995/
来源智库International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
引用统计
资源类型智库出版物
条目标识符http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/130094
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Kumar P,Morawska L,Birmili W,et al. Ultrafine particles in cities.. 2014.
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