| 来源类型 | Book Section |
| DOI | 10.1016/B978-0-08-022029-1.50007-7 |
| A multi-factor approach to large scale development programs. | |
| Straszak A; Cichocki, K.; Straszak, A. | |
| 发表日期 | 1978 |
| 出处 | Systems Analysis Applications to Complex Programs. Eds. Cichocki, K. & Straszak, A. , pp. 3-11 Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-022029-1 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-022029-1.50007-7 . |
| 出版年 | 1978 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | This chapter elaborates a multifactor approach to large-scale development programs. Any socioeconomic system should be considered as a complex multidimensional dynamic system with many more or less interrelated subsystems, a multilevel interlinkage structure, and a multipurpose behavior. Because of the limited natural, human, institutional, organizational, and technological resources, any real socioeconomic system has a limited potentiality, capability, and actuality of development. By actuality of development of a given socioeconomic system one understands development processes caused by a permanent system and institutional mechanisms of the subsystems. Development programs are by definition normatively oriented, and therefore expressed by norms strata such as needs, values, or goals. Variables in the norm stratum are interrelated. Needs are on the top of the norms stratum hierarchy and usually express basic needs, such as physical needs, security, quality of life, self-actualization. Values are more precise expressions derived from these basic needs such as environmental protection, health, energy, economic wealth, and freedom. |
| 主题 | Management and Technology Area (MMT) |
| URL | http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/12407/ |
| 来源智库 | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/132887 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Straszak A,Cichocki, K.,Straszak, A.. A multi-factor approach to large scale development programs.. 1978. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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