| 来源类型 | Issue Studies |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| Korea’s environmental assessment strategies for sustainable society | |
| Young-Joon Lee | |
| 发表日期 | 2017-06-30 |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 语种 | 英语 ; Korean |
| 摘要 | Environmental Assessment (EA) is one of the important processes that can not be ignored in the decision-making process of the development project or plan. It has played a role as the last stand for environmental preservation in pursuing environment-friendly plan that harmonizes nature and human beings as well as balances development and conservation. However, EA used to sometimes be the route through which conflicts around development projects are expressed. The development side sees the EA as "an impediment to development," and the environmental side criticizes it as "an indulgence for development." Therefore, in order to prevent unnecessary conflicts among parties concerned and to find constructive alternatives, it is necessary to have an accurate understanding of the fundamental purpose and limitations of EA. EA is a plan to predict and analyze the environmental impacts that may occur in the process of development projects or policies and to find ways to minimize the expected environmental impacts. It is part of the planning process for the target project so that the goals can be harmonized appropriately. The EA system is operated differently depending on the national income level of the country, the decision making system, the historical background, the level of the environmental awareness of the people, etc. Especially, it tends to be more developed countries to implement the value of environmental preservation by themselves rather than regulatory aspect. Korea's EA system has been gradually changing in this direction after many trial and error along with the economic development, and it is necessary to make continuous efforts to improve and support related systems. The issue of reliability and fairness of EA, which is pointed out as the biggest issue at present, can not be solved simply through improvement of a few procedures. It is time to find a fundamental solution from a comprehensive viewpoint on the various and complex operating system of the EA. The following directions of in EA are suggested 1) to improve the problems of current EA system, 2) to play a role as an important means to achieve environmental conservation, 3) to induce socio-economic benefits in connection with the advent of new fourth industrial revolution, and 4) to strengthen the role of EA in pursuit of sustainable development. First, as a priority measure that can maintain the world-widely accepted fundamental principle of EA, in which EA should be performed autonomously by project developer, and at the same time to ensure fairness, it is suggested that EA of important national projects and plans as well as sensitive projects expecting large environmental and social impacts should be conducted by well-qualified national agencies specialized for EA. Through this, it will be possible to secure reliability by allowing the public to accept the fairness of EA as well as to perform the EA procedure independently against any external interference. Second, in the decision-making process of important national planning where many controversies and concerns are socially concentrated, such as large-scale land developments (eg., four-river restoration project) and energy supply and demand policies (eg., policies related to operations of coal-fired power plants and diesel cars, renewable energy policy, etc.), various environmental and social problems should be identified early so that a sustainable and environmentally sound plan can be established. To do this, Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA) as a role of national governance function for upper-leveled planning should be activated. Third, it is proposed that preliminary assessment and partial screening system would be introduced in order to improve the present EA system being conducted only based on the quantitative scale of the project without considering the severity of the environmental impact. In the case of a project where the environmental impact is minimal or the environmental impact is formalized, |
| 来源智库 | Korea Evironment Institute (Republic of Korea) |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/198873 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Young-Joon Lee. Korea’s environmental assessment strategies for sustainable society. 2017. |
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| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| ìì_2017_03_ì´ì（3341KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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