| 来源类型 | Article
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| 规范类型 | 评论
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| ‘Fraud in the Lab’ review: Experiments in doubt |
| Sally Satel
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| 发表日期 | 2019-08-15
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| 出版年 | 2019
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| 语种 | 英语
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| 摘要 | Scientific misconduct is surely as old as scientific inquiry, but in the modern era the mainstream media took little notice of it before 1974. In that year, it flagged the case of a medical researcher at Memorial Sloan Kettering in New York who used a felt-tip pen to darken patches of purportedly black skin transplanted onto white mice. Within a couple of years, separately, the British psychologist Cyril Burt was posthumously found to have invented data to support his theory that IQ was largely inherited.
Rocked by these and other revelations, the scientific community began devising mechanisms to detect dishonest scientists and hold them accountable. Almost half a century later, there are still problems, according to Nicolas Chevassus-au-Louis, a French investigative journalist and a former biomedical researcher. In “Fraud in the Lab,” a compact book that is part exposé and part manifesto, he sets out to quantify what he calls an “epidemic” of fraud that is international in scope, to describe its effects and to chart a path forward.
Mr. Chevassus-au-Louis says that the most common fraud offenses fit into a category he cheekily labels “storytelling and beautification.” They include a failure to report conflicting data and the use of misleading analytical methods. (“Beautification” can be almost literal at times: In 2012, a whistleblower in Japan revealed how “image retouching,” in more than one scientific journal, had exaggerated the results in cell-biology studies.) Other maneuvers include redefining the hypothesis that guides an experiment after the results are in, a move that, retroactively, renders the experiment’s design less appropriate to what is being investigated and the results weaker than researchers may claim.
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| 主题 | Not Selected
; Uncategorized
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| 标签 | book review
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| URL | https://www.aei.org/articles/fraud-in-the-lab-review-experiments-in-doubt/
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| 来源智库 | American Enterprise Institute (United States)
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| 资源类型 | 智库出版物
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| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/266276
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推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714 |
Sally Satel. ‘Fraud in the Lab’ review: Experiments in doubt. 2019.
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