全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): Traffic Safety on Bus Priority Systems

G2TT

来源类型	Report
规范类型	报告
ISBN	978-1-56973-830-6
	Traffic Safety on Bus Priority Systems
	Nicolae Duduta; Claudia Adriazola; Dario Hidalgo; Vineet John; Carsten Wass, Technical Director, Consia Consultants; Luis Antonio Lindau, Director, EMBARQ Brasil
发表日期	2015-01
出版年	2015
语种	英语
概述	Executive Summary Bus rapid transit (BRT) and bus priority systems have become an attractive solution to urban mobility needs in recent years because of their relatively low capital costs and short construction times compared to rail transit. As these systems gain popularity,1 a number of studies and planning guides have appeared, illustrating the different design options available and their impact on the operational performance of the systems, as well as outlining some of the institutional challenges to implementation (see Rickert 2007; Hidalgo and Carrigan 2010; and Moreno González, Romana, and Alvaro 2013). The traffic safety aspects of bus priority systems, however, are typically not as well understood as the better documented impacts on travel times, greenhouse gas and local pollutant emissions, or land values. Our research shows that bus priority systems have had significant positive impacts on traffic safety, reducing severe and fatal crashes on the streets where they were implemented by over 50% (Duduta, Lindau, and Adriazola-Steil 2013). From this, we estimate that safety impacts typically account for 8% to 16% of the total economic benefits on these types of systems. This report is based on an extensive research project on the traffic safety aspects of bus priority systems, based on data analysis, road safety audits and inspections on over thirty bus systems around the world, and microsimulation models testing the impact of safety countermeasures on operational performance. This report is designed as a practical guide for transportation planners, engineers, and urban designers involved in the planning and design of bus systems. It covers a broad spectrum of system and corridor types, ranging from curbside bus priority lanes to high-capacity, multi-lane, and median-running BRTs. We identify the main risk factors and common crash situations, and suggest design concepts to address them. We also consider how the main design concepts impact the operational performance of the bus system, with a focus on passenger capacity, travel times, and fleet size requirements.
结论	Key findings from the report reveal the varied safety benefits for passengers, pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists that come from designing safe, high quality bus priority systems: · Design interventions on bus priority corridors can reduce traffic fatalities on the corridors by 50 percent · Adding a central median to a street can reduce fatal or injury crashes by 35 percent · Pedestrians are the group most vulnerable to the safety impacts of poor street design, and usually represent over half of the fatalities on a bus corridor This report contributes to a growing body of research on creating cities that are safer by design. In contrast to traditional approaches to road safety that emphasize education and behavioral change, this approach seeks to account for human error in the planning and design of transport systems to reduce the risk of traffic crashes and injuries. One of the primary challenges associated with rapid global urbanization is how to ensure the safety of city streets. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 1.2 million people die on the world’s roads each year, and traffic crashes could become the fifth leading cause of death by 2030 without intervention. The growth in bus rapid transit (BRT) and bus priority systems worldwide—which serve more than 31 million people each day in 189 cities—is an opportunity to reverse that trend. New evidence from this report clearly shows that high quality public transport systems can improve traffic safety, reducing injuries and fatalities by as much 50 percent in some cases. Pilot-tested over two years in cities like Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Delhi, India; Mexico City, Mexico; and Istanbul, Turkey, these recommendations address design strategies to make bus priority systems safer at intersections, transfer stations, pedestrian crossings, and more.
摘要	This report includes recommendations for integrating safety into the planning, design, and operation of major bus routes.
主题	WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
标签	australia ; bus rapid transit (BRT) ; cities ; India ; Mexico City ; south america ; sustainable cities ; transport ; transportation
URL	https://www.wri.org/publication/traffic-safety-bus-priority-systems
来源智库	World Resources Institute (United States)
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/27928
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Nicolae Duduta,Claudia Adriazola,Dario Hidalgo,et al. Traffic Safety on Bus Priority Systems. 2015.