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This paper presents the findings of a study of the impact of Guinean pastoral legislation carried out on behalf of IIED as part of its sub-regional “Making Decentralisation Work” programme. Experience in Guinea shows that grassroots ownership of the pastoral legislation is essential if it is to be applied effectively. In order to meet this challenge herders’ organisations need to be more aware of and engage with the issues involved in natural resource management and ongoing processes of decentralisation. The evaluation of the experience in Guinea indicates that formulating legislation or translating it into national languages is not enough to ensure its dissemination and appropriation by local communities.