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Cities concentrate poverty but, for many, they are the best hope of escaping it. Unfortunately, there is a tendency to plan against, rather than for, low-income urban residents. This does not exclude them from income-generating activities but makes it difficult for them to secure decent living conditions. In so doing, inadequate urban policies place a disproportionate burden on reproduction rather than on production activities, and on women rather than men. A gendered understanding of urbanization and urban poverty is not just about women. It highlights how urban disadvantage is not only income-related, but includes limited access to shelter and basic services.