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The services that ecosystems provide to people, for example water regulation, are extremely important for human wellbeing, and the resilience of ecosystems to pressures from climate change or direct human action is essential for a sustainable future. A growing number of policy declarations and initiatives are related to ecosystem restoration and nature-based solutions to climate change mitigation and adaptation, sustainable land management and disaster risk reduction. But insufficient coordination between the related policy instruments at the national level can lead to duplication of efforts and a risk that different interventions may undermine each other’s success. Positive examples of initiatives that improve the coherence of ecosystem-related policies and their implementation exist, but deserve wider recognition. Those who wish to support the management of ecosystems to achieve multiple benefits should therefore not only invest in the replication, further development and upscaling of positive examples like the ones mentioned in this paper, but also in monitoring their impact and communicating about them.

This Friends of EbA (FEBA) Discussion Paper was prepared for the CBD COP 13 (Cancun, December 2016). FEBA is an informal network of over 30 organisations with an interest in promoting collaboration and knowledge sharing on Ecosystem-based Adaptation through joint events and initiatives, as well as the development of position papers and technical documents on EbA.