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The Paris Agreement requires Parties to undertake and communicate their post-2020 climate efforts as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in order to achieve the objective of the agreement of limiting the global temperature increase to well below 2°C while pursing efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C, and to communicate their first NDCs no later than when the Party formally joins the Paris Agreement.
The actions contained in all NDCs represent the collective global effort, which will determine whether the world will achieve the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. The NDCs are therefore the central element of the Paris Agreement and the main climate change policy framework for Parties to the UNFCCC.
This thematic guide was developed to provide negotiators and other stakeholders with a brief history of the negotiations on NDCs; a ready reference to the key decisions that have already been adopted; and a brief analysis of the outstanding issues from a developing country perspective.