| 摘要 |
��
The environment surrounding energy is undergoing a paradigm shift. Concern with resource limit of fossil fuel entails energy crises such as energy price hike, supply disruptions. More urgent and serious issues are international as well as domestic restrictions on fossil fuel use due to increasing concern with global warming caused by GHG emissions. In this regard, significant measures are needed to encourage the use of new and renewable energy based on promoting the relevant industries. In addition, institutional arrangements are needed to make renewable energy economically viable.
Currently, only a few number of new and renewable energy technologies and products are economically viable, let alone the competitiveness with fossil fuels. Accordingly, short-term responses to higher oil price and the UN Convention on Climate Change can be directed in several ways: reform in financial support system; introduction of subsidies and rebates; and introduction of more favorable tax supporting system. As often seen in the developed countries, policies such as target-setting and required procurement of renewable energy contain a strong government's will to encourage the use of renewable energy sources. Korea has a basic institution for supporting the activities to promote renewable energy use. Supporting systems to promote a renewable energy industry, however, has been limited to financial and tax supports. In regard, this study makes suggestions: introducing incentives and making groundwork of renewable based on the market principles; and targeting the power generation by renewable energy technologies. Considering the big potential of power generation by renewable energy, arrangements for obligation of purchase and purchase price of electricity generated by renewable energy sources are urgently required. It is also required that a certain portion of total electricity generation should be supplied from electricity generated by renewable energy sources at a certain price that reflects the real cost.
In setting purchase prices, it is recommended that avoided costs should be applied to electricity generated by micro-hydropower, land filled gas, and wind power which are economically viable; and average sales prices, block prices, or seasonal as well hourly prices should be applied to fuel cells, photovoltaics which are not price-competitive yet. Organizational arrangements are also required to implement the legal and administrative supporting system. These arrangements necessitate establishments of Center for New and Renewable Energy Development, Promotion Center for New and Renewable Energy Industry, and Center for Evaluation of New and Renewable Energy Performance. It is also required to upgrade the current 5% of reduction in income and/or corporate taxes and revive the old local tax exemption such as purchase and/or registration taxes for purchasing residential houses equipped with renewable energy products. In addition, fixed interest rate should be revised to accomodate a flexible interest rate. It is highly recommended that these institutional arrangements should be completed before the current WTO negotiation related to subsides for renewable energy is resolved.
Promotion of renewable energy industry cannot be pursued in time of higher oil price and ignored after oil price is stabilized. Renewable energy policy should be consistently implemented, regardless of higher or lower oil price. Policy direction for renewable energy should be sought in the three premises of "selection," "concentration," "consistency" and "support". Renewable energy industry in Korea is still at an infant stage. Only if consistent governmental interventions and supports are guaranteed, companies will return to the market and resume the abandoned business. In this context, a conventional wisdom is needed that target-setting for renewable energy penetration is cautiously decided based on the continuous follow-up of policies in developed countries.
165 pages. 19 refs., 9 figs., 42 tabs.
Language : Korean |
