| 摘要 | ABSTRACT
1. Research Purpose
Global efforts to reduce GHG emissions is underway at the United Nations. The negotiations(AWG-KP) for the 2nd commitment period reduction targets of Annex I countries is ongoing, and the negotiations(AWG-LCA) for reduction efforts in developing countries has been went along. Due to the agreement of the Durban platform in 2011, it is expected to be mandatory that all countries need to reduce GHG emissions after 2020.
Under national mid-term reduction targets(30% reduction from BAU by 2020), Target Management System has come into effect since 2012 and Emission Trading Scheme will be implemented in 2015.
The incumbent government is trying to achieve green growth through development and dissemination of green technologies and export. In order to demonstrate the effects of green growth policies, it needs to be promoted continuously after the new government is established.
This research will be conducted over three years from 2012 and is aimed at presenting the green growth strategy in the energy and industrial sectors. In the first study in 2012, green growth policies and strategies are qualitatively evaluated toward the effectiveness of policies. In the second period in 2013, the effects of the current green growth policies are analyzed through quantitative analysis methods, and the development direction of green growth policy will be presented. In 2014, the effect of the revised green growth policy on the energy and GHG emissions will be assessed.
2. Summary
President Lee Myung-bak proclaimed 'Low Carbon Green Growth' as new growth engines in 2008, and national green growth strategies and five-year plan was declared in 2009. There are three strategies; corresponding to climate change and energy independence, creating new growth engines, improving the quality of life and enhancing the nation��s position. The policy of the energy sector is the core part of green growth.
Target Management system and Emissions Trading Scheme are the typical institution introduced in the current government. Additionally, several new policies were introduced; energy management system (EnMS) in industrial sector, eco-friendly homes performance rating in the building sector, the tire energy consumption efficiency rating system introduced in the transport sector, Renewable Portfolio Standard System(RPS) in renewable energy sector.
Emissions Trading Scheme will be launched in 2015, and the effective mitigation plan for the companies which are ruled out by the Emission Trading Scheme.
In the industrial sector, it is possible that institutional support for the introduction of energy management systems and assessment for the efficiency through energy audit scheme.
In the building sector, as performance evaluation system of eco-friendly homes was introduced in 2009, improvement of energy efficiency is mandatory for new buildings and renovation housing.
In the electronics sector, Minimum Efficiency Performance Standard(MEPS) is adopted and it is required to indicate energy efficiency grade on the products being sold. In particular, it is requested to show the CO2 emissions grade and annual energy costs since the introduction of green growth policies.
In the transportation sector, fuel efficiency and grading indication system is implementing, but fuel efficiency measurement method was changed realistically in 2011 and grade standards have been strengthened.
In renewable energy market, it is possible to form a market through standardization of facilities and building certification system. The government is directly supporting to a renewable energy market through various subsidies and subsidies.
3. Policy Implications
Current Target Management system includes the most of the GHG emitters, which account for more than 70% of the nation's total emission. However, these companies will be subject to the Emissions Trading Scheme(ETS) and less emitters will be excluded from the ETS. Thus, there is a need to consider ways to take advantage of offset credits in order to reduce emissions through mitigation businesses operated by these less emission companies.
GHG emission mitigation business is a very useful system for small businesses, but it is difficult to go through a very complex and strict current verification process. Therefore, it will be required to change the current verification process to make it easier to use for the small businesses while maintaining environmental integrity.
Research and development is the key of sustainable green growth. However, only the efforts of the private sector is not sufficient because the technology development takes a very long time and success or failure is unclear, so that the government directly need to perform research and development or support private sector.
Despite the effort of the government's persistent and widespread support, it is not showing actual development in the renewable energy projects. Thus, the green industry need to be regarded as a new growth engine, and additional budget allocations in the renewable energy supply are deemed necessary in shaping the market. |
