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来源类型 | Article |
规范类型 | 论文 |
DOI | 10.3390/su8040373 |
ISSN | 2071-1050 |
A Systemic and Systematic Approach to the Development of a Policy Mix for Material Resource Efficiency | |
Dr. Martin Hirschnitz-Garbers | |
发表日期 | 2016 |
出版者 | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland |
出版年 | 2016 |
语种 | 英语 |
概述 | Increasing material use efficiency is important to mitigate future supply risks and minimize environmental impacts associated with the production of materials. The policy mix presented in this paper aims to contribute to reducing the use of virgin metals in the EU by 80% by 2050 without significantly shifting burdens to other material resources, the environmental or other parts of the world. The article, which was written with the collaboration of Dr. Martin Hirschnitz-Garbers (Senior Fellow at Ecologic Institute), is available for download. |
摘要 | class="field field-name-field-master-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> Increasing material use efficiency is important to mitigate future supply risks and minimize environmental impacts associated with the production of materials. The policy mix presented in this paper aims to contribute to reducing the use of virgin metals in the EU by 80% by 2050 without significantly shifting burdens to other material resources, the environmental or other parts of the world. The article, which was written with the collaboration of Dr. Martin Hirschnitz-Garbers (Senior Fellow at Ecologic Institute), is available for download. We used a heuristic framework and a systems perspective for designing the policy mix that combines primary instruments designed to increase material efficiency, recycling and substitution of materials (a materials tax, the extended producer responsibility, technical regulations, and environmental taxes) and supportive instruments aimed to reduce barriers to implementing the primary instruments and to contribute towards the policy objectives (e.g., research and development support, and advanced recycling centers). Furthermore, instruments were designed so as to increase political feasibility: e.g., taxes were gradually increased as part of a green fiscal reform, and border-tax adjustments were introduced to reduce impacts on competitiveness. However, even in such a policy mix design ongoing ex-ante assessments indicate that the policy mix will be politically difficult to implement—and also fall short of achieving the 80% reduction target. Nonetheless, we suggest combining primary and supportive instruments into coherent and dynamic policy mixes as a promising step towards system reconfigurations for sustainability. |
目录 | Table of Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Heuristic Framework for Designing Policy Mixes 2.2. The Process to Designing the Metals and Materials Policy Mix 3. Results 3.1. Objectives and Targets for the Policy Mix 3.2. A Causal Theory for Problem Solving 3.2.1. Drivers for Metal Use 3.2.2. Barriers to a More Efficient Use of Materials 3.3. Promising Policy Instruments 3.3.1. Materials Tax 3.3.2. Extended Producer Responsibility 3.3.3. Technical Requirements 3.3.4. Environmental Taxes 3.3.5. Border-Tax Adjustments 3.3.6. Labor Tax Reductions 3.3.7. Research and Development 3.3.8. Removal of Harmful Subsidies 3.3.9. Support to Sharing Systems 3.3.10. Advanced Recycling Centers 3.3.11. Education Programs 3.3.12. Fora for Communication 3.3.13. Strategy for Dematerialization 3.3.14. Information Campaigns 4. Discussion 4.1. Usefulness of the Sensitivity Model 4.2. The Materials Policy Mix 4.2.1. Pointers for Revising the Taxes 4.2.2. Pointers for Revising the EU Strategy for Dematerialization 4.2.3. Using Mitigating and Synergetic Instrument Combinations 4.3. Concept of Policy Mixing 5. Conclusions Acknowledgments Author Contributions Conflicts of Interest Abbreviations References |
标签 | Article ; Consumer Policy ; Policy Assessment ; Resources ; Waste |
关键词 | policy mix policy development resource efficiency material efficiency recycling European Union Sensitivity Model Europe |
URL | https://www.ecologic.eu/13654 |
来源智库 | Ecologic Institute (Germany) |
引用统计 | |
资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/36952 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dr. Martin Hirschnitz-Garbers. A Systemic and Systematic Approach to the Development of a Policy Mix for Material Resource Efficiency. 2016. |
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