G2TT
来源类型Working Paper
规范类型论文
Impacts of a Carbon Tax across US Household Income Groups: What Are the Equity- Efficiency Trade-Offs?
Lawrence H. Goulder; Marc Hafstead; GyuRim Kim; Xianling Long
发表日期2018-10-22
出版年2018
页码18-22
语种英语
概述

This paper assesses the welfare impacts across US household income groups of carbon taxes of various designs.

结论
  • We consider the impacts of policies on both the prices of goods and services (use side) and on income (source side).
  • We find that the use-side impacts - reflecting changes in the prices of goods and services – are regressive.
  • The source-side impacts - reflecting changes in nominal wage, capital, and transfer incomes – tend to be progressive.
  • Under policies without compensation, progressive source-side impacts tend to offset fully the regressive use-side impacts.
  • The efficiency costs of targeted compensation depend critically on the recycling method and compensation target.
  • 摘要

    This paper assesses the impacts across US household income groups of carbon taxes of various designs. We consider both the source-side impacts (reflecting how policies affect nominal wage, capital, and transfer incomes) and the use-side impacts (reflecting how policies alter the real prices of goods and services purchased by households). We apply an integrated general equilibrium framework with extended measures of the source- and use-side impacts that add up to the overall welfare impact. Our results indicate that the distributional impacts depend importantly on the nature of revenue recycling and the treatment of transfer income. In the absence of targeted compensation to achieve distributional objectives, the use-side impacts tend to be regressive, while the source-side impacts are progressive. The progressive source-side impacts tend to fully offset the regressive use-side impacts. Both the source- and use-side impacts are considerably larger once one takes into account the more comprehensive welfare measures introduced in this study. The efficiency costs of targeted compensation to achieve distributional objectives depend critically on the recycling method and compensation target. These costs are an order of magnitude higher when the revenues that remain after compensation are used for corporate income tax cuts than when the remaining revenues are used in other ways. Efficiency costs also rise dramatically when targeted compensation extends beyond the lowest income quintiles.

    子主题Carbon Tax
    URLhttp://www.rff.org/research/publications/impacts-carbon-tax-across-us-household-income-groups-what-are-equity
    来源智库Resources for the Future (United States)
    资源类型智库出版物
    条目标识符http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/41558
    推荐引用方式
    GB/T 7714
    Lawrence H. Goulder,Marc Hafstead,GyuRim Kim,et al. Impacts of a Carbon Tax across US Household Income Groups: What Are the Equity- Efficiency Trade-Offs?. 2018.
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