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来源类型 | Op-Ed |
规范类型 | 评论 |
Fight Now, Build Later | |
Chantal de Jonge Oudraat | |
发表日期 | 2001-10-08 |
出处 | Carnegie |
出版年 | 2001 |
语种 | 英语 |
正文 | Fight Now, Build Later Michael E. Brown and Chantal
de Jonge Oudraat
Unfortunately, the Bush administration has resisted making such a pledge, with the president himself saying, "We are not into nation-building." U.S. non-military efforts in Afghanistan have been limited to providing emergency humanitarian relief for refugees and other innocent victims of the war. This is a necessary first step, but it is not enough. There are four compelling reasons why the president should reconsider and make an immediate public commitment to rebuilding Afghanistan after the shooting stops. First, internal support in Afghanistan for bin Laden and the Taliban will erode if it is clear that, in addition to bringing on an American and allied attack, they are standing in the way of efforts to reconstitute a functioning country. Afghan support for bin Laden (who is not Afghan) and the Taliban is far from universal. We should do everything we can to intensify these divisions and undermine our adversaries' political support system. Second, making a public commitment to the reconstruction of Afghanistan will strengthen support among regional powers for American and allied actions against bin Laden and the Taliban. For over twenty years, Afghanistan has had deadly, destabilizing effects on neighboring states - Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, most notably. It continues to pose multiple threats to regional security and prosperity. The prospect of a stable, peaceful Afghanistan will strengthen the resolve of regional actors in the current crisis. Third, promising to rebuild Afghanistan will demonstrate in a vivid and powerful way that American and allied actions are not directed against Muslims in general or Afghans in particular, but against a fringe group of militants. Like it or not, the United States has a chronic image problem in large parts of the Islamic world, and this image problem has deadly real-world consequences. American military operations in Afghanistan are already triggering a backlash in parts of the Islamic world. Minimizing this backlash - dampening the emergence of future bin Ladens and al-Qaedas - must be a top policy priority. Making an explicit public pledge to help Afghans get their country back on its feet will give this important long-term effort an immense boost. Fourth and last, promising to rebuild Afghanistan - and then following through on this pledge - will stabilize a part of the world that has produced direct threats to U.S. national security. It is in our enlightened, long-term interest to address the root causes of stability problems in Afghanistan. Many people are wary of getting into the "nation-building" business because it seems to be an impossible task. It is formidable, but not impossible. The United States rebuilt Western Europe and Japan after World War II without any other outside help. The United States and its allies surely have the capacity to restore stability in Afghanistan now. Three things need to be done. First, this effort must be carried out under the aegis of an authority that will be seen as legitimate by the majority of the Afghan people, by regional powers, and throughout the Islamic world. Neither the United States nor NATO can provide this framework. The United Nations must be authorized to take the lead. Second, the member-states of the United Nations must be prepared to deploy peacekeeping forces in Afghanistan once bin Laden and the Taliban have been removed from the picture. Peacekeepers will be needed to stabilize the country and provide security for the extensive relief and reconstruction efforts that will have to follow. This will be a long-term proposition, but it is a burden that the United States need not take on. Other states can and should provide the forces that will be needed to carry out this mission. Third, the United Nations must be given the resources for a comprehensive economic and political reconstruction effort. This is where comparatively wealthy non-combatants can make their contributions to the common good. Just as they did in the Gulf War, Japan, Germany, and other states can and should carry most of this economic burden. President Bush should forge an international consensus now to rebuild Afghanistan as soon as the fighting is over. Promising to rebuild Afghanistan is not just the right thing to do - it is the smart thing to do.
Chantal de Jonge Oudraat is an Associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International
Peace and Vice-President of Women in International Security (WIIS).
Amerika moet Afghanistan weer willen
opbouwen Nu de militaire acties op doelen van Osama bin Laden en zijn organisatie Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan in volle gang zijn, staan de Verenigde Staten en hun bondgenoten voor twee opgaven. De eerste: het operationele succes maximaliseren. De tweede: politieke stabiliteit in Afghanistan garanderen. De Verenigde Staten moeten kenbaar maken dat ze samen met een internationale
coalitie van staten Afghanistan weer willen opbouwen zodra Osama bin Laden en
Al-Qaeda zijn verdreven. Dat zal de kans op politieke stabiliteit in dit belangrijke,
maar licht ontvlambare deel van de wereld aanzienlijk verbeteren. Tot slot zal de belofte Afghanistan weer op te bouwen - en dat ook werkelijk
te doen - een stabiliserende werking hebben op dit deel van de wereld, dat een
rechtstreekse bedreiging vormt voor de Amerikaanse nationale veiligheid. Het
is in Amerika's eigen belang niet alleen de directe gevaren voor de veiligheid
weg te nemen maar ook de oorzaken van de stabiliteitsproblemen in Afghanistan.
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主题 | Terrorism |
URL | https://carnegieendowment.org/2001/10/08/fight-now-build-later-pub-824 |
来源智库 | Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (United States) |
资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/419477 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Chantal de Jonge Oudraat. Fight Now, Build Later. 2001. |
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