全球智库信息集成服务系统

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This chapter assesses the potential of countries to excel in technologies deemed essential for the low-carbon transition based on their export and technological specializations. Global trade and patenting patterns over the past two decades are analysed to uncover the persistence and current state of competitive advantages in the low-carbon sector.

Moreover, this chapter investigates countries’ potential to develop a specialization—in terms of both exports and patenting—in certain technologies, based on their strength in related sectors and developments in similar countries. The analysis relies on systematic evidence originating from the regional growth literature triggered by Hidalgo et al. (2007), which found that countries diversify into industries that are closely related to current export strengths.

The chapter explores global dynamics in low-carbon technologies and the persistence of export and technology specialization profiles. Subsequently, it analyses which countries currently specialize in the low-carbon technologies considered and which countries have the potential to develop a competitive edge in the future.