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Using data from Census 2000, this research brief estimates the size of the gay and lesbian population serving in the military and provides a demographic portrait of this often invisible minority. Census data make clear that gay men and lesbians are actively serving in the armed forces now and have served throughout the later part of the 20th century. However, their patterns of service are not precisely the same as those of other men and women. Coupled gay men are less likely to report military service than other men, while coupled lesbians are more likely than other women to serve. [Read the corresponding press release online.]