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Many noncustodial parents, including a disproportionate share of those whose children live in poverty, have limited earnings and ability to pay child support. In 2012, the Office of Child Support Enforcement, in the Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, launched CSPED to examine the effectiveness of child-support–led employment programs for noncustodial parents. The goal of CSPED was to improve the reliability of child support in order to improve children’s well-being and avoid public costs. Led by Mathematica and our partners at the Institute for Research on Poverty (IRP) at the University of Wisconsin, CSPED was a rigorous, randomized controlled trial with three primary study components: an implementation analysis, an impact analysis, and a benefit-cost analysis. This IRP brief summarizes the key findings of the impact and benefit-cost analyses.