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This Background Note summarises a study by the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) and the UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre on the visibility of children’s rights in donor action. It asks whether the new aid modalities of the Paris Agenda enable or hinder progress on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, drawing on case studies of donor policy and programming. In addition to suggesting a framework to assess the visibility of child rights in aid programmes, the Background Note suggests that donor action should be strengthened. It finds that donors need to develop a clear strategy to deliver on international child rights obligations in policy and related strategic objectives (and within this, justifying the rationale for a child focus);. This should include programme implementation; M&E; adequate investment of human and financial resources; and creating effective coordination mechanisms among domestic and international government, NGO and multilateral actors.