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• Relationships between teachers' TNTP Core scores and student achievement gains are modest and vary by subject area.
• Observers often disagree in their ratings of instructional practice based on the TNTP Core rubric, and these disagreements may be related to their content expertise.
• There is a considerable amount of uncertainty about the extent to which TNTP Core scores represent teachers' overall instructional practices.

Nearly every public school teacher in the United States receives some form of feedback based on classroom observations, and these assessments are used by policymakers and administrators as indicators of teacher quality and input for professional development purposes. The TNTP Core Teaching Rubric, introduced in 2014, is unlike others in that it is scored based on student behavior rather than teacher actions. In this report, RAND researchers assess whether the TNTP Core Teaching Rubric produces scores that are representative of teachers' overall instructional practices and whether raters' content expertise influence scores on TNTP Core.

For this study, volunteer teachers of mathematics and English language arts (ELA) from more than 20 districts or charter school networks across eight states had their classroom instruction videotaped three times. This sample was complemented with a sample of approximately 100 4th-and 5th-grade teachers drawn from the Measures of Effective Teaching study for whom videotaped instruction was available. Raters trained in the TNTP Core Teaching Rubric then scored the videos from both samples. Analyzing the raters' scores, RAND researchers found a modest relationship between teachers' TNTP Core scores and student achievement gains in ELA, and no statistically or practically significant relationships between TNTP Core scores and math achievement gains. Further, raters struggled to agree on their judgments about the quality of a lesson, suggesting a considerable amount of uncertainty about the extent to which TNTP Core scores represent teachers' overall instructional practices. The report includes a number of recommendations to improve the use of TNTP Core.

• Chapter One

  Introduction

• Chapter Two

  Design of Study

• Chapter Three

  Methods

• Chapter Four

  Consistency, Bias, and Reliability

• Chapter Five

  Extrapolation and Predictive Validity

• Chapter Six

  Conclusion and Recommendations

• Chapter Seven

  Limitations