G2TT
来源类型Report
规范类型报告
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7249/RR4296
来源IDRR-4296-DHS
U.S. Coast Guard Emergency Response and Disaster Operations: Using Social Media for Situational Awareness
Douglas Yeung; Sarah A. Nowak; Sohaela Amiri; Aaron C. Davenport; Emily Hoch; Kelly Klima; Colleen M. McCullough
发表日期2020-03-17
出版年2020
语种英语
结论

Ways in which the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) receives distress calls are evolving

  • For decades, the USCG and other boaters have relied on communication channels (e.g., Rescue 21) that are intended specifically for maritime safety. As a result, these channels provide specific information that can be used to locate mariners in distress.
  • However, a significant proportion of distress calls now come to the USCG through other means, such as cell phones and, indirectly, from 911 calls. This raises concerns about potential hindrances to the USCG's search-and-rescue (SAR) mission, including lack of location information, uncertainty about overwater cell coverage, and lack of organizational capacity to collect and analyze social media information.
摘要

Social media can enhance situational awareness in response operations, but using social media this way poses challenges. The aim of this project was to contribute to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) mission to ensure resilience to disasters by helping DHS understand whether and how social media might be better leveraged for such situational awareness. The primary focus of this research was on U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) response operations. Using several types of analyses, the researchers found that, for decades, the USCG and other boaters have relied on communication channels (e.g., Rescue 21) that are intended specifically for maritime safety. As a result, these channels provide specific information that can be used to locate mariners in distress. Yet the authors also found that a significant proportion of distress calls now come to the USCG through other means, such as cell phones and, indirectly, from 911 calls. This raises concerns about potential hindrances to the USCG's search-and-rescue (SAR) mission, including lack of location information, uncertainty about overwater cell coverage, and lack of organizational capacity to collect and analyze social media information. With these findings, the authors recommend that DHS develop policies and procedures to facilitate sharing cell phone distress location data with the USCG, that the USCG work to ensure that an organization—itself or another—assumes responsibility for understanding cell coverage over water, and that the USCG identify other missions for which social media information could help increase maritime safety and security and enhance environmental protection and response operations.

目录
  • Chapter One

    Introduction

  • Chapter Two

    How Are Social Media Being Used in Emergency Response and Disaster Operations?

  • Chapter Three

    Current Challenges in Coast Guard Search-and-Rescue Operations

  • Chapter Four

    Conclusion and Recommendations

  • Appendix A

    Interview Protocol

  • Appendix B

    Analysis of Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement Data

主题Disaster Recovery Operations ; Emergency Services and Response ; Social Media Analysis ; United States Coast Guard
URLhttps://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR4296.html
来源智库RAND Corporation (United States)
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资源类型智库出版物
条目标识符http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/524034
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GB/T 7714
Douglas Yeung,Sarah A. Nowak,Sohaela Amiri,et al. U.S. Coast Guard Emergency Response and Disaster Operations: Using Social Media for Situational Awareness. 2020.
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