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Results showed considerable variation in total sexual assault risk—estimated prevalence of sexual assault—across groups of soldiers

• Women at Fort Hood, Fort Bliss, and several other bases face total sexual assault risk that is higher than the risk faced by the average woman in the Army.
• Sexual harassment is more common than sexual assault in the Army, but results also showed that the risk of sexual harassment is highly correlated with the risk of sexual assault.

By examining adjusted sexual assault risk, the authors were able to estimate the extent to which personnel assigned to certain groups of soldiers might have higher or lower risk if assigned elsewhere

• Two of the five-highest adjusted sexual assault risk commands for women across the Army are located at Fort Hood; however, one of the commands with lower-than-expected risk for Army women is also based there.
• Field artillery and engineers are the two career fields with the highest adjusted sexual assault risk for Army women.

There are some group characteristics that are associated with higher adjusted risk for Army women's sexual harassment and sexual assault, as well as men's sexual harassment

• More-positive unit climate and supervisor climate scores are associated with lower adjusted sexual assault and sexual harassment risk among women and lower adjusted sexual harassment risk among men.
• Army women at bases with more civilians face lower adjusted sexual assault and sexual harassment risks.
• Army women in environments with higher proportions of combat arms have higher adjusted sexual assault and sexual harassment risks

Extending previous RAND analyses, researchers found variation in total sexual assault risk—estimated prevalence of sexual assault—across groups of soldiers. For example, Army women at Fort Hood, Fort Bliss, and several other bases face total sexual assault risk that is higher than the risk faced by the average woman in the Army.

Sexual harassment is more common than sexual assault, but the results also showed that risk of sexual harassment is highly associated with risk of sexual assault. Thus, bases with high sexual assault risk also have high sexual harassment risk.

One question is whether groups with higher risk estimates simply have soldiers assigned to them who are at higher risk because of their individual characteristics (e.g., younger, unmarried), or whether personnel in those groups would experience lower risk if stationed elsewhere. To evaluate this, researchers calculated adjusted risk: This measures how much higher or lower than expected the risk of sexual assault is for a group of soldiers. Army women at Fort Hood had an adjusted sexual assault risk of 1.7 percent during 2018, indicating that their risk was 1.7 percent higher than expected based on the characteristics of women assigned there. 

Several characteristics were associated with different levels of adjusted risk for Army women's sexual assault and sexual harassment and for men's sexual harassment, including positive unit or supervisor climate (associated with lower risk) and deployment operational tempo (associated with higher risk). Army women in environments with higher proportions of combat arms have higher adjusted risk.

• Chapter One

  Introduction

• Chapter Two

  Approach to Estimating Sexual Assault Risk and Sexual Harassment Risk in the Army

• Chapter Three

  Sexual Assault Risk Results

• Chapter Four

  Sexual Harassment Risk Results

• Chapter Five

  Discussion and Recommendations

• Appendix A

  Technical Modeling Details

• Appendix B

  Adjusted Installation Sexual Assault Risk from 2014 to 2018

• Appendix C

  All Risk Estimates for All Clusters

• Appendix D

  Classification of Career Management Fields