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Key Findings

1. During the post–Cold War drawdown of the 1990s, the demographic diversity of U.S. active-force units actually increased. However, no statistically significant relationship between past drawdowns and diversity could be established.
2. Directing drawdown cuts to applicants with lower scores on the Armed Forces Qualification Test is likely to reduce demographic diversity.
3. Directing cuts to selected occupational specialties or experience levels is also likely to affect demographic diversity, though with different outcomes for different groups.
4. Results of adverse impact analyses can help the services develop long-term strategies for recruiting, accessions, and assignments to achieve demographic balance across specialties, experience levels, and performance categories. The analyses can also validate assumptions and measures used in drawdown decisions to ensure that all personnel receive fair and equitable treatment.