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Key Findings

• Negative life events are part of, but not the sole cause of, radicalization.
• The enduring appeal of extremist groups seems to lie in attending to fundamental human needs.
• Recruitment to radical groups deliberately leverages personal vulnerabilities.
• Both radicalization and deradicalization can be triggered.
• Heavy-handed attempts by formal institutions to deradicalize individuals often fail.
• Stigmatization of groups seems mostly to push at-risk individuals further down the extremist path.
• Media literacy and open access to diverse sources of information appear critical for deradicalization.