全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): DP2831 Tax Spillovers under Separate accounting and Formula Apportionment

G2TT

来源类型	Discussion paper
规范类型	论文
来源ID	DP2831
	DP2831 Tax Spillovers under Separate accounting and Formula Apportionment
	Soren Bo Nielsen; Guttorm Schjelderup; Pascalis Raimondos
发表日期	2001-06-01
出版年	2001
语种	英语
摘要	Existing estimates of the annual unemployment rate from 1870 to 1913 were constructed by the Board of Trade, initially in 1888, and updated thereafter. This is still the series which is widely used and cited. It is based on records of the number unemployed in various trade unions and it has a number of well known flaws. The index is weighted by membership of reporting unions and is heavily skewed towards engineering and the metal trades. Some important sectors are largely omitted. We reconstruct sectoral unemployment rates based on union records and supplement this with (crude) estimates for certain other sectors based on proxies for employment. These are weighted according to labour force shares but the index still excludes agriculture and services. The basic cyclical pattern is preserved but the new series has a higher mean and a lower standard deviation than the Board of Trade index. The wide swings in unemployment during the 1870s are confirmed but the amplitude of fluctuations in the 1880s and 1890s is smaller in the new index than in the old. More tentatively, unemployment increases over time in the new index relative to the old.
主题	Labour Economics
关键词	Measurement Unemployment Uk 1870-1913
URL	https://cepr.org/publications/dp2831
来源智库	Centre for Economic Policy Research (United Kingdom)
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/531878
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Soren Bo Nielsen,Guttorm Schjelderup,Pascalis Raimondos. DP2831 Tax Spillovers under Separate accounting and Formula Apportionment. 2001.