| 来源类型 | Discussion paper |
| 规范类型 | 论文 |
| 来源ID | DP6014 |
| DP6014 Dictators, Repression and the Median Citizen: An ?Eliminations Model? of Stalin?s Terror (Data from the NKVD Archives) | |
| Paul Gregory; Konstantin Sonin; Philipp Schrôder | |
| 发表日期 | 2006-12-24 |
| 出版年 | 2006 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | From the end of the second century C.E., Judaism enforced a religious norm requiring Jewish fathers to educate their sons. We present evidence supporting our thesis that this change in the religious and social norm had a major influence on Jewish economic and demographic history. First, the high individual and community cost of educating children in subsistence farming economies (2nd to 7th centuries) prompted voluntary conversions, which account for a large share of the reduction in the size of the Jewish population from 4.5 million to 1.2 million. Second, the Jewish farmers who invested in education, gained the comparative advantage and incentive to enter skilled occupations during the vast urbanization in the newly developed Muslim Empire (8th and 9th centuries) and they actually did select themselves into these occupations. Third, as merchants the Jews invested even more in education---a pre-condition for the extensive mailing network and common court system that endowed them with trading skills demanded all over the world. Fourth, the Jews generated a voluntary diaspora by migrating within the Muslim Empire, and later to western Europe where they were invited to settle as high skill intermediaries by local rulers. By 1200, the Jews were living in hundreds of towns from England and Spain in the West to China and India in the East. Fifth, the majority of world Jewry (about one million) lived in the Near East when the Mongol invasions in the 1250s brought this region back to a subsistence farming and pastoral economy in which many Jews found it difficult to enforce the religious norm regarding education, and hence, voluntarily converted, exactly as it had happened centuries earlier. |
| 主题 | Development Economics ; Labour Economics |
| 关键词 | Human capital Jewish economic and demographic history Migration Occupational choice Religion Social norms |
| URL | https://cepr.org/publications/dp6014 |
| 来源智库 | Centre for Economic Policy Research (United Kingdom) |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/534855 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Paul Gregory,Konstantin Sonin,Philipp Schrôder. DP6014 Dictators, Repression and the Median Citizen: An ?Eliminations Model? of Stalin?s Terror (Data from the NKVD Archives). 2006. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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