| 来源类型 | Discussion paper
|
| 规范类型 | 论文
|
| 来源ID | DP8952
|
| DP8952 Super-Additionality: A Neglected Force in Markets for Carbon Offsets |
| Ravi Kanbur
|
| 发表日期 | 2012-04-01
|
| 出版年 | 2012
|
| 语种 | 英语
|
| 摘要 | Climate change mitigation programs classify two types of carbon offsets: Additional and non-additional. Additional offsets are offsets that correspond to actual reductions in emissions. In contrast, non-additional offsets are offsets that do not correspond to emissions reductions. These offsets are created because offset projects with business-as-usual (BAU) emissions below their assigned baseline can claim offsets up to the baseline without reducing emissions. Since the sale and use of non-additional offsets by firms in climate mitigation programs has the effect of raising aggregate emissions, an extraordinary amount of focus has been on ensuring that offsets are additional. However, we show here that there is an emissions component that has been neglected in current policy design. This component, which we call Super-additional reductions, are emissions reductions which do not lead to a supply of offsets. Super-additional
reductions arise from offset projects with BAU emissions above their baseline. These projects are awarded a quantity of offsets that is lower than the project's emissions reductions. The presence of such emissions reductions without supply of equivalent offsets has the effect of lowering aggregate emissions and lessening the impact of non-additional offsets. Our numerical simulations show that super-additional reductions can be as large as the supply of non-additional offsets, and in some scenarios can even exceed them. Neglecting this component during the climate policy design process can lead to the setting of overly stringent baselines or other policy instruments, ultimately raising the compliance costs of achieving emissions reduction targets. |
| 主题 | Public Economics
|
| 关键词 | Additionality and non-additionality
Baseline emissions
Carbon offsets
Economic compliance costs
Emissions targets
Super-additionality
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| URL | https://cepr.org/publications/dp8952
|
| 来源智库 | Centre for Economic Policy Research (United Kingdom)
|
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物
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| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/537790
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推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714 |
Ravi Kanbur. DP8952 Super-Additionality: A Neglected Force in Markets for Carbon Offsets. 2012.
|
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