全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): DP12376 Is The Market Pronatalist? Inequality, Differential Fertility, and Growth Revisited

G2TT

来源类型	Discussion paper
规范类型	论文
来源ID	DP12376
	DP12376 Is The Market Pronatalist? Inequality, Differential Fertility, and Growth Revisited
	Moshe Hazan; Hosny Zoabi; David Weiss; Oksana Leukhina; Michael Bar
发表日期	2017-10-16
出版年	2017
语种	英语
摘要	Recent public discussion has focused on inequality and social justice, while economists have looked at inequality's adverse effects on economic growth. One economic theory builds on the empirically negative relationship between income and fertility observed in the post demographic transition era. It argues that rising inequality leads to greater differential fertility -- the fertility gap between rich and poor. In turn, greater differential fertility lowers the average education level, as the poor invest less in the education of their children. We show that the relationship between income and fertility has flattened between 1980 and 2010 in the US, a time of increasing inequality, as the rich increased their fertility. These facts challenge the standard theory. We propose that marketization of parental time costs can explain the changing relationship between income and fertility. We show this result both theoretically and quantitatively, after disciplining the model on US data. Without marketization, the impact of inequality on education through differential fertility is reversed. Policies, such as the minimum wage, that affect the cost of marketization, have a large effect on the fertility and labor supply of high income women. We apply the insights of this theory to the literatures of the economics of childlessness and marital sorting.
主题	Development Economics ; Macroeconomics and Growth ; Public Economics
关键词	Income inequality Marketization Differential fertility Human capital Economic growth
URL	https://cepr.org/publications/dp12376
来源智库	Centre for Economic Policy Research (United Kingdom)
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/541187
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Moshe Hazan,Hosny Zoabi,David Weiss,et al. DP12376 Is The Market Pronatalist? Inequality, Differential Fertility, and Growth Revisited. 2017.