| 来源类型 | Discussion paper |
| 规范类型 | 论文 |
| 来源ID | DP15994 |
| DP15994 The Productivity Consequences of Pollution-Induced Migration in China | |
| Gaurav Khanna; Ran Song; Wenquan Liang | |
| 发表日期 | 2021-04-01 |
| 出版年 | 2021 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Migration and pollution are two defining features of China's impressive growth performance over the last 30 years. In this paper we study the migration response to pollution in Chinese cities, and its consequences for productivity and welfare. We document a robust pattern in which skilled workers emigrate more in response to pollution than the unskilled. Their greater sensitivity to air quality holds up in cross-sectional variation across cities, panel variation with individual fixed-effects, and when instrumenting for pollution using distant power-plants upwind of cities, or thermal inversions that trap pollution. Pollution therefore changes the spatial distribution of skilled and unskilled workers, which results in higher returns to skill in cities that the educated migrate away from. We quantify the loss in aggregate productivity due to this re-sorting by estimating a model of demand and supply of skilled and unskilled workers across Chinese cities. Counterfactual simulations from the estimated model show that reducing pollution would increase productivity through spatial re-sorting by approximately as much as the direct health benefits of clean air. Physical and institutional restrictions on mobility exacerbate welfare losses. People's dislike of pollution explains a substantial portion of the wage gap between cities. |
| 主题 | Development Economics ; International Trade and Regional Economics ; Labour Economics ; Macroeconomics and Growth |
| 关键词 | Internal migration Air pollution Spatial productivity gaps |
| URL | https://cepr.org/publications/dp15994 |
| 来源智库 | Centre for Economic Policy Research (United Kingdom) |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/544979 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Gaurav Khanna,Ran Song,Wenquan Liang. DP15994 The Productivity Consequences of Pollution-Induced Migration in China. 2021. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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