| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w3804 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 3804 |
| The Nonequivalence of High School Equivalents | |
| Stephen V. Cameron; James J. Heckman | |
| 发表日期 | 1991-08-01 |
| 出版年 | 1991 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of the growing proportion of high-school-certified persons who achieve that status by exam certification rather than through high school graduation. Exam-certified high school equivalents are statistically indistinguishable from high school dropouts. Both dropouts and exam-certified equivalents have comparably poor wages, earnings, hours of work, unemployment experiences and job tenure. This is so whether or not ability measures are used to control for differences. Whatever differences are found among exam-certified equivalents, high school dropouts and high school graduates are accounted for by their years of schooling completed. There is no cheap substitute for schooling. The only payoff to exam certification arises from its value in opening post-secondary schooling and training opportunities. However, exam-certified equivalents receive lower returns to most forms of post-secondary education and training. We also discuss the political economy of the recent rapid growth of exam certification. There has been growth in direct government subsidies to adult basic education programs that feature exam certification as an output. In addition, there has been growth in government subsidies to post-secondary schooling programs that require certification in order to qualify for benefits. These sources account for the rapid growth in the use of exam certification in the face of the low economic returns to it. |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w3804 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/561130 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Stephen V. Cameron,James J. Heckman. The Nonequivalence of High School Equivalents. 1991. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w3804.pdf（730KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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