| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w11782 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 11782 |
| The Effects of Wal-Mart on Local Labor Markets | |
| David Neumark; Junfu Zhang; Stephen Ciccarella | |
| 发表日期 | 2005-11-21 |
| 出版年 | 2005 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | We estimate the effects of Wal-Mart stores on county-level retail employment and earnings, accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of Wal-Mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of Wal-Mart stores. We address the endogeneity problem using a natural instrumental variables approach that arises from the geographic and time pattern of the opening of Wal-Mart stores, which slowly spread out from the first stores in Arkansas. The employment results indicate that a Wal-Mart store opening reduces county-level retail employment by about 150 workers, implying that each Wal-Mart worker replaces approximately 1.4 retail workers. This represents a 2.7 percent reduction in average retail employment. The payroll results indicate that Wal-Mart store openings lead to declines in county-level retail earnings of about $1.4 million, or 1.5 percent. Of course, these effects occurred against a backdrop of rising retail employment, and only imply lower retail employment growth than would have occurred absent the effects of Wal-Mart. |
| 主题 | Labor Economics ; Labor Compensation ; Regional and Urban Economics ; Regional Economics |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w11782 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/569433 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | David Neumark,Junfu Zhang,Stephen Ciccarella. The Effects of Wal-Mart on Local Labor Markets. 2005. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w11782.pdf（542KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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