| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w12694 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 12694 |
| The Evolution of Work | |
| Markus Mobius; Raphael Schoenle | |
| 发表日期 | 2006-11-15 |
| 出版年 | 2006 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | The division of labor first increased during industrialization and then decreased again after 1970 as job roles have expanded. We explain these trends in the organization of work through a simple model where (a) machines require standardization to exploit economies of scale and (b) more customized products are subject to trends and fashions which make production tasks less predictable and a strict division of labor impractical. At the onset of industrialization, the market supports only a small number of generic varieties which can be mass-produced under a strict division of labor. Thanks to productivity growth, niche markets gradually expand, producers eventually move into customized production and the division of labor decreases again. The model predicts capital-skill substitutability during industrialization and capital skill complementarity in the maturing industrial economy. Moreover, conventional calculations of the factor content of trade underestimate the impact of globalization because they do not take into account changes in product market competition induced by trade. We test our model by exploiting the time-lags in the introduction of bar-coding in three-digit SIC manufacturing industries in the US. We find that both increases in investments in computers and bar-coding have led to skill-upgrading. However, consistent with our model bar-coding has affected mainly the center of the skill distribution by shifting demand away from the high-school educated to the less-than-college educated. |
| 主题 | Labor Economics ; Labor Supply and Demand ; Industrial Organization ; Firm Behavior ; Development and Growth ; Innovation and R& ; D |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w12694 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/570357 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Markus Mobius,Raphael Schoenle. The Evolution of Work. 2006. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w12694.pdf（371KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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