| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w13439 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 13439 |
| Policy vs. Consumer Pressure: Innovation and Diffusion of Alternative Bleaching Technologies in the Pulp Industry | |
| David Popp; Tamara Hafner; Nick Johnstone | |
| 发表日期 | 2007-09-21 |
| 出版年 | 2007 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | In the late 1980s and early 1990s, concern over dioxin in both paper products and wastewater led to the development of techniques that reduced the use of chlorine in the pulp industry. Both regulatory and consumer pressure motivated this change. We use patent data to examine the evolution of two completing bleaching technologies in five major paper-producing countries, both of which reduce the use of chlorine in the pulping process. By the end of the 1990s, nearly all pulp production in these countries used one of these technologies. Unlike other papers using patents to study environmentally-friendly innovation, we focus on a process innovation, rather than on end-of-the-pipe solutions to pollution. Moreover, while previous studies emphasize the importance of regulation for inducing innovation, here we find substantial innovation occurring before regulations were in place. Instead, pressure from consumers to reduce the chlorine content of paper drives the first round of innovation. However, while some companies choose to adopt these technologies in response to consumer pressure, not all firms will differentiate their product in this way. Thus, governments need to regulate if their goal is broad diffusion of the environmental technology. |
| 主题 | Development and Growth ; Innovation and R& ; D ; Environmental and Resource Economics ; Environment |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w13439 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/571112 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | David Popp,Tamara Hafner,Nick Johnstone. Policy vs. Consumer Pressure: Innovation and Diffusion of Alternative Bleaching Technologies in the Pulp Industry. 2007. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w13439.pdf（168KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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