| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w16922 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 16922 |
| The First Deal: The Division of Founder Equity in New Ventures | |
| Thomas F. Hellmann; Noam Wasserman | |
| 发表日期 | 2011-04-07 |
| 出版年 | 2011 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | This paper examines the division of founder shares in entrepreneurial ventures, focusing on the decision of whether or not to divide the shares equally among all founders. To motivate the empirical analysis we develop a simple theory of costly bargaining, where founders trade off the simplicity of accepting an equal split, with the costs of negotiating a differentiated allocation of founder equity. We test the predictions of the theory on a proprietary dataset comprised of 1,476 founders in 511 entrepreneurial ventures. The empirical analysis consists of three main steps. First we consider determinants of equal splitting. We identify three founder characteristics -idea generation, prior entrepreneurial experience and founder capital contributions - regarding which greater team heterogeneity reduces the likelihood of equal splitting. Second, we show that these same founder characteristics also significantly affect the share premium in teams that split the equity unequally. Third, we show that equal splitting is associated with lower pre-money valuations in first financing rounds. Further econometric tests suggest that, as predicted by the theory, this effect is driven by unobservable heterogeneity, and it is more pronounced in teams that make quick decisions about founder share allocations. In addition we perform some counterfactual calculations that estimate the amount of money 'left on the table' by stronger founders who agree to an equal split. We estimate that the value at stake is approximately 10% of the firm equity, 25% of the average founder stake, or $450K in net present value. |
| 主题 | Financial Economics ; Corporate Finance ; Industrial Organization ; Firm Behavior ; Other ; Accounting, Marketing, and Personnel |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w16922 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/574597 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Thomas F. Hellmann,Noam Wasserman. The First Deal: The Division of Founder Equity in New Ventures. 2011. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w16922.pdf（411KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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