全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): This Is Only a Test? Long-Run Impacts of Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout

G2TT

来源类型	Working Paper
规范类型	报告
DOI	10.3386/w18987
来源ID	Working Paper 18987
	This Is Only a Test? Long-Run Impacts of Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout
	Sandra E. Black; Aline Bütikofer; Paul J. Devereux; Kjell G. Salvanes
发表日期	2013-04-25
出版年	2013
语种	英语
摘要	Research increasingly shows that differences in endowments at birth need not be genetic but instead are influenced by environmental factors while the fetus is in the womb. In addition, these differences may persist well beyond childhood. In this paper, we study one such environmental factor – exposure to radiation – that affects individuals across the socio-economic spectrum. We use variation in radioactive exposure throughout Norway in the 1950s and early 60s, resulting from the abundance of nuclear weapon testing during that time period, to examine the effect of nuclear exposure in utero on outcomes such as IQ scores, education, earnings, and adult height, as well as whether these effects persist into the next generation. We find that exposure to low-dose nuclear radiation, specifically during months 3 and 4 in utero, leads to a decline in IQ scores of men aged 18. Moreover, radiation exposure leads to declines in education attainment, high school completion, and earnings among men and women. We are also able to examine whether these effects persist across a second generation. Importantly, we find that the children of persons affected in utero also have lower cognitive scores, suggesting a persistent intergenerational effect of the shock to endowments. Given the lack of awareness about nuclear testing in Norway at this time, our estimates are likely to be unaffected by avoidance behavior or stress effects. These results are robust to the choice of specification and the inclusion of sibling fixed effects.
主题	Health, Education, and Welfare ; Education ; Labor Economics ; Labor Compensation
URL	https://www.nber.org/papers/w18987
来源智库	National Bureau of Economic Research (United States)
引用统计
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/576661
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sandra E. Black,Aline Bütikofer,Paul J. Devereux,et al. This Is Only a Test? Long-Run Impacts of Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout. 2013.