全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): The Size of the LGBT Population and the Magnitude of Anti-Gay Sentiment are Substantially Underestimated

G2TT

来源类型	Working Paper
规范类型	报告
DOI	10.3386/w19508
来源ID	Working Paper 19508
	The Size of the LGBT Population and the Magnitude of Anti-Gay Sentiment are Substantially Underestimated
	Katherine B. Coffman; Lucas C. Coffman; Keith M. Marzilli Ericson
发表日期	2013-10-04
出版年	2013
语种	英语
摘要	Measuring sexual orientation, behavior, and related opinions is difficult because responses are biased towards socially acceptable answers. We test whether measurements are biased even when responses are private and anonymous and use our results to identify sexuality-related norms and how they vary. We run an experiment on 2,516 U.S. participants. Participants were randomly assigned to either a "best practices method" that was computer-based and provides privacy and anonymity, or to a "veiled elicitation method" that further conceals individual responses. Answers in the veiled method preclude inference about any particular individual, but can be used to accurately estimate statistics about the population. Comparing the two methods shows sexuality-related questions receive biased responses even under current best practices, and, for many questions, the bias is substantial. The veiled method increased self-reports of non-heterosexual identity by 65% (p<0.05) and same-sex sexual experiences by 59% (p<0.01). The veiled method also increased the rates of anti-gay sentiment. Respondents were 67% more likely to express disapproval of an openly gay manager at work (p<0.01) and 71% more likely to say it is okay to discriminate against lesbian, gay, or bisexual individuals (p<0.01). The results show non-heterosexuality and anti-gay sentiment are substantially underestimated in existing surveys, and the privacy afforded by current best practices is not always sufficient to eliminate bias. Finally, our results identify two social norms: it is perceived as socially undesirable both to be open about being gay, and to be unaccepting of gay individuals.
主题	Econometrics ; Experimental Design ; Microeconomics ; Households and Firms ; Labor Economics ; Demography and Aging
URL	https://www.nber.org/papers/w19508
来源智库	National Bureau of Economic Research (United States)
引用统计
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/577181
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Katherine B. Coffman,Lucas C. Coffman,Keith M. Marzilli Ericson. The Size of the LGBT Population and the Magnitude of Anti-Gay Sentiment are Substantially Underestimated. 2013.