| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w22474 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 22474 |
| The Gap within the Gap: Using Longitudinal Data to Understand Income Differences in Student Achievement | |
| Katherine Michelmore; Susan Dynarski | |
| 发表日期 | 2016-08-01 |
| 出版年 | 2016 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Gaps in educational achievement between high- and low-income children are growing. Administrative datasets maintained by states and districts lack information about income but do indicate whether a student is eligible for subsidized school meals. We leverage the longitudinal structure of these datasets to develop a new measure of persistent economic disadvantage. Half of 8th graders in Michigan are eligible for a subsidized meal, but just 14 percent have been eligible for subsidized meals in every grade since kindergarten. These children score 0.94 standard deviations below those never eligible for subsidies and 0.23 below those occasionally eligible. There is a negative, linear relationship between grades spent in economic disadvantage and 8th grade test scores. This is not an exposure effect: the relationship is almost identical in 3rd grade, before children have been differentially exposed to five more years of economic disadvantage. Survey data show that the number of years that a child will spend eligible for subsidized lunch is negatively correlated with her current household income. Years eligible for subsidized meals can therefore be used as a reasonable proxy for income. Our proposed measure can be used in evaluations to estimate heterogeneous effects, to improve value-added calculations, and to better target resources. |
| 主题 | Health, Education, and Welfare ; Education ; Poverty and Wellbeing |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w22474 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/580148 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Katherine Michelmore,Susan Dynarski. The Gap within the Gap: Using Longitudinal Data to Understand Income Differences in Student Achievement. 2016. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w22474.pdf（164KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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