| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w25119 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 25119 |
| Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory with an Application Assuming Consumer Values Follow the World Income Distribution | |
| Michael Kremer; Christopher M. Snyder | |
| 发表日期 | 2018-10-08 |
| 出版年 | 2018 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | We prove that, for general demand and cost conditions and market structures, the fraction of first-best surplus that a monopolist is unable to extract in a market provides a tight upper bound on the relative distortions arising from firms' equilibrium decisions at all margins (entry and pricing). Continuing with this worst-case perspective, we show that a symmetrically truncated Zipf (STRZ) distribution of consumer values generates the lowest producer surplus among those with a given mean and maximum value. This allows us to relate potential deadweight loss from all margins in a market to the Zipf-similarity of its demand curve. The STRZ distribution also bounds deadweight loss at just the pricing margin. We leverage existing results from industrial organization (e.g., on demand curvature) and statistics (e.g., on the relation between means and medians) to bound producer surplus in an array of important special cases. Calibrations based on the world distribution of income generate extremely Zipf-similar demand curves, suggesting a large potential for deadweight loss in global markets. We gauge the extent to which various policies—such as progressive taxation or price discrimination—might ameliorate this potential deadweight loss. |
| 主题 | Microeconomics ; Households and Firms ; Market Structure and Distribution ; Industrial Organization ; Market Structure and Firm Performance ; Development and Growth ; Innovation and R& ; D |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w25119 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/582793 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Michael Kremer,Christopher M. Snyder. Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory with an Application Assuming Consumer Values Follow the World Income Distribution. 2018. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w25119.pdf（363KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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