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This report is based on the findings of research carried out in two community wildlife conservancies in northern Kenya earlier this year.

It illustrates how climate change is affecting the distribution and prevalence of natural resources in Kenya, but makes it clear that this is not the only factor contributing to resource scarcity. It emphasizes that competition for natural resources is a key driver of conflict, but also that it interacts with a range of other factors and that violence is not inevitable. The research found that local governance mechanisms, especially natural resource management mechanisms, provided by community conservancies in the region, are crucial in determining whether competition over scarce resources will turn into violent conflict.