| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w28279 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 28279 |
| Why Does the U.S. Have the Best Research Universities? Incentives, Resources, and Virtuous Circles | |
| W. Bentley MacLeod; Miguel Urquiola | |
| 发表日期 | 2020-12-28 |
| 出版年 | 2020 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Around 1875 the U.S. had none of the world’s leading research universities; today, it accounts for the majority of the top-ranked. Many observers cite events surrounding World War II as the source of this reversal. We present evidence that U.S. research universities had surpassed most countries’ decades before WWII. An explanation of their dominance must therefore begin earlier. The one we offer highlights reforms that began after the Civil War and enhanced the incentives and resources the system directs at research. Our story is not one of success by design, but rather of competition leading American colleges to begin to care about research. We draw on agency theory to argue that this led to increasing academic specialization, and in turn, to more precise measures of professors’ research output. Combined with sorting dynamics that concentrated talent and resources at some schools—and the emergence of tenure—this enhanced research performance. |
| 主题 | Health, Education, and Welfare ; Education ; History |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w28279 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/585951 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | W. Bentley MacLeod,Miguel Urquiola. Why Does the U.S. Have the Best Research Universities? Incentives, Resources, and Virtuous Circles. 2020. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w28279.pdf（381KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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