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来源类型 | Working Paper |
规范类型 | 报告 |
DOI | 10.3386/w28297 |
来源ID | Working Paper 28297 |
History\u2019s Masters: The Effect of European Monarchs on State Performance | |
Sebastian Ottinger; Nico Voigtländer | |
发表日期 | 2021-01-04 |
出版年 | 2021 |
语种 | 英语 |
摘要 | We create a novel reign-level dataset for European monarchs, covering all major European states between the 10th and 18th centuries. We first document a strong positive relationship between rulers’ cognitive ability and state-level outcomes. To address endogeneity issues, we exploit the facts that i) rulers were appointed according to hereditary succession, independent of their ability, and ii) the wide-spread inbreeding among the ruling dynasties of Europe led over centuries to quasi-random variation in ruler ability. We code the degree of blood relationship between the parents of rulers, which also reflects ‘hidden’ layers of inbreeding from previous generations. The ‘coefficient of inbreeding’ is a strong predictor of ruler ability, and the corresponding instrumental variable results imply that ruler ability had a sizeable effect on the performance of states and their borders. This supports the view that ‘leaders made history,’ shaping the European map until its consolidation into nation states. We also show that rulers mattered only where their power was largely unconstrained. In reigns where parliaments checked the power of monarchs, ruler ability no longer affected their state’s performance. Thus, the strengthening of parliaments in Northern European states (where kin marriage of dynasties was particularly wide-spread) may have shielded them from the detrimental effects of inbreeding. |
主题 | Microeconomics ; Welfare and Collective Choice ; History ; Other History ; Other ; Economic Systems |
URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w28297 |
来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
引用统计 | |
资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/585970 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Sebastian Ottinger,Nico Voigtländer. History\u2019s Masters: The Effect of European Monarchs on State Performance. 2021. |
条目包含的文件 | ||||||
文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
w28297.pdf(790KB) | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 |
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